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The Child’s Eggshell Mind         By: Halley Nevels
 
From 1939-1945, the deadliest combat in human history was raging. On the United States home front, advertisements were abundant, encouraging young men to enlist in the military, encouraging young women to serve as military nurses, and encouraging other civilians to purchase war bonds to contribute to the effort. In Germany, propaganda posters called for allegiance to the Führer. Not even the most delicate minds of the war were exempt from persuasion by the endless amounts of political propaganda. When you’re a child and the ideals of your country are being constantly shoved down your throat, all you can do is believe them. Cartoons, comic strips, and books are a few examples of media aimed to persuade the minds of children on all sides of the war.
 
The United States
 
American propaganda during the war had to obey one golden rule: it had to be entertaining. Cartoons proved to be an excellent way to deliver ideas in a seemingly innocent manner to the armed forces and general public, especially children. Propaganda in the US was mainly aimed at dehumanizing the enemy, namely the Nazis and the Japanese.
 
In 1943, Walt Disney Studios released Der Führer’s Face, an anti-Nazi propaganda film for the American war effort. The film stars Donald Duck, working in an artillery factory in Nazi Germany. Donald starts his 48-hour daily shift screwing caps onto artillery shells in an assembly line. Mixed in with the shells are portraits of the Führer, so he must interrupt his work to Heil every time a portrait appears. The pace of the assembly line intensifies, and Donald finds it increasingly hard to complete the tasks. When he is ordered to work overtime, Donald has a nervous breakdown, with hallucinations of artillery shells everywhere. He then finds himself in bed , in the United States, and realizes that the whole thing was only a nightmare.The film is packed with Nazi references (Donald is bombarded with messages of “Aryan superiority” and the glory of working for the Führer), and even depicts Italian prime minister Benito Mussolini and Japanese emperor Hirohito.
 
           
Disney made many (often racist) propaganda films during World War II. Another famous Disney propaganda film gives a disturbing look into the lives of German children who are raised under Nazi beliefs. This film follows Hans, a boy raised in Nazi Germany, who is educated to become a merciless soldier.
Hans spends his life marching and Heiling Hitler. Throughout the movie, his value for human life slowly degrades as he is exposed to more and more Nazi organizations and ideals. In the end, Hans has grown to be a ruthless soldier, seemingly incapable of human emotion.
 
Little Hans (right), From Disney’s Education for
Death
           
            Along with Disney, Warner Bros. released many propaganda cartoons, including Ducktators (1942), in which Axis ducks led by a duck resembling Hitler take over a barnyard and fight the “dove of peace.”                                                                                     From Disney’s Ducktators
Bugs Bunny even starred in a racist cartoon in the early 40’s, Bugs Bunny Nips the Nips, in which Bugs is trapped on a deserted island and has to grapple with a ridiculously stereotyped Japanese--short, buck teeth, big round glasses, and slanted eyes. 
Germany
         
Germany’s young children were its future. The future workers. The future soldiers. The future superior race. This was instilled in the minds of Nazi youth from birth.
 
In 1938, Julius Streicher wrote Der Giftpilz (the Toadstool), an anti-Semitic children’s book. The book portrays Jews as evil swindlers who rob the German people, “the Devil in human form.” It begins with a young boy, Franz, and his mother collecting mushrooms in the forest. She tells him that like there are poisonous, or bad mushrooms; there are bad people, the Jews. “…There are millions of non-Jews who do not yet know the Jews. So we have to enlighten people and warn them against the Jews. Our young people, too, must be warned. Our boys and girls must learn to know the Jew. They must learn that the Jew is the most dangerous poison-mushroom in existence. Just as poisonous mushrooms spring up everywhere, so the Jew is found in every country in the world. Just as poisonous mushrooms often lead to the most dreadful calamity, so the Jew is the cause of misery and distress, illness and death," she says to the boy. Other parts tell of a class of German boys discussing how to recognize the Jew, a German woman’s terrifying visit to a Jewish doctor, and a Jewish man attempting to abduct two young German children. 

Current Location: School computer lab
Current Mood: blah

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The Child’s Eggshell Mind         By: Halley Nevels
 
From 1939-1945, the deadliest combat in human history was raging. On the United States home front, advertisements were abundant, encouraging young men to enlist in the military, encouraging young women to serve as military nurses, and encouraging other civilians to purchase war bonds to contribute to the effort. In Germany, propaganda posters called for allegiance to the Führer. Not even the most delicate minds of the war were exempt from persuasion by the endless amounts of political propaganda. Cartoons, comic strips, and books are a few examples of media aimed to persuade the minds of children on both sides of the war.
 
The United States
 
            In 1943, Walt Disney Studios released Der Führer’s Face, an anti-Nazi propaganda film for the American war effort. The film stars Donald Duck, working in an artillery factory in Nazi Germany. Donald starts his 48-hour daily shift screwing caps onto artillery shells in an assembly line. Mixed in with the shells are portraits of the Fuehrer, so he must interrupt his work to do a Hitler salute every time a portrait appears. The pace of the assembly line intensifies, and Donald finds it increasingly hard to complete the tasks. When he is ordered to work overtime, Donald has a nervous breakdown, with hallucinations of artillery shells everywhere. He then finds himself in bed , in the United States, and realizes that the whole thing was only a nightmare.
 
            The film is packed with Nazi references (Donald is bombarded with messages of “Aryan superiority” and the glory of working for the Führer), and even depicts Italian prime minister Benito Mussolini and Japanese emperor Hirohito.
 

            Another famous Disney propaganda film gives a disturbing look into the lives of “Hitler’s children,”

Current Location: School. Kill me now.
Current Mood: bored

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“The only thing to fear is fear itself.”
So many people try to live by this quote. Yet, the thoughts and actions of so many people are driven by fear. Not fear of any Earthly consequence. No. The fear of judgment that is so inevitably to come, at the end of their days, when all breath has ceased to cross their lips and after which there is no repentance. So many people, most every man, woman, and child, are driven by the fear of a Hell. They do in life what they can to avoid it, as if it is some place to which they must willing travel. But they do not realize, they will not simply go to Hell if they have been wicked in this life. Hell is not some fiery realm to which one is exiled for his misdeeds. On occasion, Hell will come to claim the innocent.

The word Hell has been wrongly misused. As I sit in the park, just sitting, observing, being thankful for life, I see all these people. They jog past, cellular phones in hand, whining, pitying themselves and expecting the pity of others, “Oh, I can’t pay my rent,” “Oh, she left me!” or “My life is living Hell!!” I grimace and push up my sleeve, my eyes fixing on the ink on my forearm, faded and blurred by the passing of time. How I must control myself, hold my tongue when these people complain about their “Hell.” Listen. I myself, long ago, have been claimed by hell, and I have never fully recovered, and I doubt that I ever will. It claimed my entire family; everything I knew, loved, cherished, and could ever dream. Everything that is, excepting for my pride and the breath in my lungs. As long as I kept these, I would be unbreakable.

I remember being a small child, how I would proudly wear the gold star on my coat, that which was forced upon us, as if that star and our beliefs were to be ashamed of. I would see people of my own faith upset that they had to display the stars, and ask myself, Why are they angry? Need we be ashamed of our heritage? I was proud to be a follower of the Jewish faith, proud to serve God.

But as friends and neighbors began disappearing from the streets, one by one, my mother and father grew anxious. I saw now that Jews here were not embarrassed or ashamed, they were fearful. It was not until my aunt Silje and my cousin and best friend, Tobias, vanished, that my parents, eyes glistening with tears, decided that we must leave.

It was January 5, the night before we were to leave the country. I was suddenly awakened by a crash. My mother swung open the door, terrified. “Michi! Haut!” I obeyed grabbed my blanket and scrambled under my bed as she slammed the door behind her. She kneeled down and held my hand tight.

“Michi, listen to me Michael, I do not know what will happen. They have come for us…All of us--” A gunshot rang out and our hearts became still when we heard a man, my father, cry out in agony. “Mein Gott. Nicht wie dies.” Not like this. She sat upright, frozen in horror. She barely flinched when my door began to splinter. The door crashed in, and they circled around my mother, guns at her head, shouting orders. One man kicked hard in the stomach. I cried out to her as she choked, gasping for breath. Two more men grabbed my arms and dragged me out of my hiding place. I kicked and thrashed, but their grip only tightened. The men dragged us from the room wailing, through the hall and down the stairs, where my father’s cold body now lay. “Michael! Look away!” my mother choked, but I could not avert my eyes. My father’s eyes glistened and stared lifelessly into space. I caught one last glance at him, before being thrust out the front door, blood drizzling down his chest, covering the star on his vest. This is what we get.
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